Stopping the ‘Silent Killer’: How to Check, Prevent and Manage High Blood Pressure
American Heart Association highlights that nearly half of U.S. adults have high blood pressure, many undiagnosed, and emphasizes lifestyle changes and monitoring to prevent heart disease and stroke.
High blood pressure, often called the “silent killer,” affects nearly half of adults in the United States, yet many are unaware they have it. The American Heart Association (AHA) is urging people of all ages to get their blood pressure checked regularly and take steps to manage it through lifestyle changes and medical guidance. With hypertension being the leading risk factor for stroke, heart disease, and even cognitive decline, the implications of uncontrolled blood pressure are severe.
According to the AHA, high blood pressure occurs when the force of blood against artery walls is consistently too high, forcing the heart to work harder and potentially damaging arteries. This increases the risk of coronary artery disease, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and dementia. Alarmingly, of those with high blood pressure, about 75% do not have it under control. The condition often presents no symptoms, making regular screening critical.
Anyone can develop hypertension, including children and young adults. Major risk factors include excess weight, diabetes, high cholesterol, smoking, lack of physical activity, alcohol consumption, and a diet high in sodium and low in potassium. The AHA recommends annual blood pressure checks for everyone, with more frequent measurements for those with a history or risk factors.
Proper measurement is key. The AHA advises using a validated, automatic, cuff-style upper-arm monitor. Individuals should sit with back support, feet flat on the ground, and rest for at least five minutes before taking readings. The arm should be extended and supported at heart level. Multiple readings at the same time each day are recommended. A normal reading is less than 120/80 mm Hg.
If diagnosed with high blood pressure, quick action can significantly lower the risk of heart attack and stroke. Treatment plans may include lifestyle changes such as a heart-healthy diet, increased physical activity (at least 150 minutes of moderate exercise per week), weight management, reduced alcohol and tobacco use, and stress-reducing activities like meditation or yoga. Even losing 5% of body weight can improve blood pressure. For many, adhering to prescribed medications is essential.
Prevention is also possible through small steps like maintaining a healthy weight and staying active. The AHA encourages everyone to work with healthcare professionals to create a personalized plan. For more information on blood pressure management and proper checking techniques, visit heart.org/bp.